On
the Shelf
The changing state of the art
In Disappearing
Witness: Change in Twentieth Century American Photography
(Johns Hopkins University Press, 2003) Gretchen
Garner, AB‘65, examines a radical shift
in photographic style and its cultural significance.
Dominant from the 1920s through the 1960s, she says,
was a modernist aesthetic of “spontaneous witness,”
in which the snapshot’s ability to capture objective
reality was a defining feature of the medium. In the
‘60s photographers increasingly asserted themselves
as subjective creators, and art photography, as distinguished
from photojournalism, came to involve elaborate staging
and design.—J.N.L.
“In our own
recent history one broad style, spontaneous witness,
dominated all kinds of still photography for at least
half of the photographic century.
...[The 1920s
were] a decade of rapidly changing technology, of
radical advances in communications and media. Artistically
it was a decade that said farewell to the past. While
not a neat parallel to the twenties either socially
or technologically, the 1960s were also years of radical
change, and years in which past aesthetic solutions—the
ideas of modernism—began to seem irrelevant.
Although no one used the term at the time, we could
say that postmodernism began in the sixties.
It was a time when classical modernist photography
of witness suddenly didn’t say enough and the
most advanced practice in photography was turning
inward—to the landscape of the mind, to dream,
to memory, to fantasy.”
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Alumni
Works BOOKS
Art/Archaeology
Debra Bricker Balken, AM’80,
Debating American Modernism: Stieglitz, Duchamp, and the New
York Avant-Garde (Distributed Art Publishers). While Marcel
Duchamp, a French artist who moved to New York in 1915, declared
that American abstract art depended too much on European traditions
and ignored its greatest subjects—the skyscraper and the machine—others,
such as photographer Alfred Stieglitz, remained loyal to nature-based
abstraction. In this catalog accompanying the traveling art exhibition
of the same name, exhibition curator Balken traces the debate’s
history and addresses the sexualized imagery that appeared in almost
all the artists’ work.
Business and Economics
Robert Couzin, AB’67, AM’68,
Corporate Residence and International Taxation (International
Bureau of Fiscal Documentation). Couzin examines residence taxation
of incorporated companies, analyzing the 19th-century English case-law
test, the residence definition adopted in the Organization for Economic
Co-operation and Development’s convention, and Canadian statutory
provisions.
Kaspar T. Winther, PhD’90,
Value and Profits in Business Strategy (Agityne). A management
consultant, Winther describes a seven-step method for business success
in a book aimed at business practitioners, scholars, and students.
Sylvain Raynes and Ann Rutledge,
MBA’85, The Analysis of Structured Securities:
Precise Risk Measurement and Capital Allocation (Oxford University
Press). The book first describes and critiques methods used to rate
asset-backed securities, collateralized debt obligations, and asset-backed
commercial paper, then proposes a single replacement paradigm.
Children’s
Literature
Yvonne Wakim Dennis and Arlene B. Hirschfelder,
MAT’71, Children of Native America Today (Charlesbridge
Publishing). This book for young readers shows Native American children
blending tradition with the contemporary world. Profiles of 25 Native
American groups include photos and text describing their communities,
families, traditions, and achievements.
Criticism
William H. Galperin, AB’71, The
Historical Austen (University of Pennsylvania Press). Galperin
challenges conceptions of Jane Austen as either a feminist or a
social conservative, instead focusing on Austen’s detailed
attention to everyday life. Although her writings appear to represent
“things as they are,” he argues that her works remain—as
her contemporaries dubbed them—histories of the present, where
reality and the prospect of change are intertwined.
Vinay Lal, PhD’92,
Of Cricket, Guinness and Gandhi: Essays on Indian History and
Culture (Seagull Books). Lal’s eight essays cover Indian
political culture and such phenomena as cricket, eunuchs, and Bollywood
film, providing a new interpretation on the tension between the
idea of India as a civilization and the idea of India as a nation-state.
Solveig C. Robinson, AM’87,
PhD’94, editor, A Serious Occupation: Literary
Criticism by Victorian Women Writers (Broadview Press). This
anthology brings together difficult-to-find writings from the 1830s
through the 1890s. The essays span a range of literary topics and
demonstrate the depth and breadth of Victorian women’s literary
criticism.
Education
Eleanor Boyle, AB’87, and Harley
Rothstein, Essentials of College and University Teaching: A
Practical Guide (New Forums Press). This post-secondary-teaching
handbook is directed at teachers in all subject areas, using examples
from engineering to philosophy.
Fiction and poetry
Gregg A. Bendrick, AB’84, SM’86,
MD’88, The Making of a Flight Surgeon (1stBooks).
A confident young physician develops a greater understanding of
himself and his relationship to others amid catastrophic events
during his first year in the U.S. Air Force.
Harry D. Eshleman, AB’50,
Fluff Enough & Other Stuff (Eshleday Specialday Press,
Windsor Press). Explaining the tone and title of his light-hearted
poetry collection, Eshleman says, “Fluff is often just as
good as enough other stuff.”
Paul J. Heald, JD’88,
No Regrets (St. James Music Press). Dorothy Henderson,
legendary choral director at Clarkeston College, faces a dramatic
final semester as a new colleague, a lost lover, an unexpected friend,
and a delusional accompanist undermine her sense of self-control.
David D. Nolta, AM’83,
Grave Circle: An Ivory Tower Mystery (Quality Words in
Print). In this mystery set at a New England college the long-buried
body of a famous archaeologist’s infamously adulterous wife
is found underneath the floorboards of their former campus home.
Jennifer O’Connell,
MBA’96, Bachelorette #1 (New American Library).
Femme magazine writer Sarah Holmes goes undercover as a contestant
on a bachelor-chooses-a-mate reality TV show. Although Holmes, a
wife and mother, expects to write an exposé about desperate
women and a shallow man, she finds the show appealing and the participants
likable, stops writing the article, and starts playing to win.
Tony Quagliano, AB’63,
editor, Feast of Strangers: Selected Prose and Poetry of Reuel
Denney (Greenwood Press). These essays and poems by Reuel Denney
(1913–95), a poet and sociologist who taught at the University
(1947–61), span half a century of cultural history. Denney,
perhaps best known as a coauthor of The Lonely Crowd, David
Riesman’s study of 20th-century American society, won the
Quantrell Prize for undergraduate teaching in 1957.
Judith Taylor, AM’63,
Selected Dreams from the Animal Kingdom (Zoo Press). Taylor’s
poems cover history, literature, and dreams and take many forms,
from “mood sonnets” to poems written in response to
Japanese medieval and 17th century literature.
David Vigoda, AB’68,
Annihilating Distance: Selected Stories (Collioure Books).
The 13 short stories’ subjects range from a man who abducts
a prostitute to a half-crazed loner who is undone by ecological
disaster.
James L. Weil, AB’50,
The Barn Mother Loved to Paint: Poems 2001–2002 (Kelly-Winterton
Press). Weil’s poetry is characterized by what one reviewer
has called a “meaningful economy.”
History and Current
Events
Henry C. Allan Jr., PhD’84, H-Hour
Plus Three: The Saga of the U.S. Army Amphibious Engineers in the
Pacific During World War II (Trafford). H-Hour tells of the
534th Engineer Boat and Shore Regiment, which participated in the
Morotai Island and the Philippine Islands invasions as well as the
postwar occupation of Japan.
Matthew Battles, AB’92,
Library: An Unquiet History (W. W. Norton Publishers).
Battles traces the library’s history, endurance, and destruction.
He looks at such historical examples as a library built during WW
II by Vilna ghetto Jews and the mythic 3rd-century B.C. book burnings
in China. He also examines bookmaking, the card catalogue, and the
role of the librarian.
Robert L. Beisner, AM’60,
PhD’65, editor, and Kurt W. Hanson, assistant editor,
American Foreign Relations Since 1600: A Guide to the Literature,
2nd ed., 2 vols. (ABC–CLIO). Containing some 16,000 items,
this annotated bibliography surveys the historiography of more than
400 years of American foreign relations, covering topics from the
Mayflower Compact to the My Lai massacre.
Michael M. J. Fischer, AM’69,
PhD’73, Iran: From Religious Dispute to Revolution,
2nd ed. (University of Wisconsin Press). Based on the author’s
fieldwork in Iran, Fischer’s book examines the revolution
and Iranian society, studying ordinary people’s lives, how
each social class interprets Islam, and religion and religious education.
A new introduction updates arguments on the postrevolutionary period.
Julian Go, AM’94,
PhD’00, and Anne L. Foster, editors, The American
Colonial State in the Philippines: Global Perspectives (Duke
University Press). The essays in this collection examine American
colonial government in the Philippines by comparing other colonial
regimes, such as British Malaysia, Dutch Indonesia, and Japanese
Taiwan. Topics include policies towards Islamic populations, opium
regulation in the imperial sphere, and anticolonial resistance.
Vinay Lal, PhD’92,
Empire of Knowledge: Culture and Plurality in the Global Economy
(Pluto Press) and The History of History: Politics and Scholarship
in Modern India (Oxford University Press). Empire argues that
oppression cannot be understood only through familiar categories
such as class or military power, but also must be studied as an
aspect of the global hegemony of Western thought. History explores
history writing in modern India, interpreting debates over Hindu-Muslim
relations, the rise of the Hindu Right, and school textbooks. A
final chapter considers how the Indian diaspora promotes revisionist
Hindu histories, particularly on the Internet.
Frank Sanello, AB’74,
The Knights Templars: God’s Warriors, the Devil’s
Bankers (Taylor Trade, Rowman & Littlefield Publishing).
The Knights Templars—medieval European warrior monks who,
despite their vows of poverty, ran a medical school and a naval
fleet—were resented for their business success. In the early
14th century, France’s King Philip IV arrested the monks on
bogus charges, and the order was outlawed. Sanello examines the
Templars’ history as well as the myths that arose after their
demise.
Journalism
Abraham Aamidor, AB’69, editor,
Real Sports Reporting (Indiana University Press). Sportswriters
and editors share their job experiences in this book, which also
includes sample articles. Chapter topics range from how to cover
college sports to journalistic ethical dilemmas and racism in sports.
Medicine
Gary M. Gartsman, MD’75, Shoulder
Arthroscopy (W.B. Saunders, Elsevier Science). Gartsman explains
how to perform arthroscopic procedures. In addition to information
on clinical problems, physical examination, and radiographic imaging,
the book incudes step-by-step instructions and discusses variations
and complications for each technique.
Memoir
David Ray, AB’52, AM’57,
The Endless Search: A Memoir (Soft Skull Press). Ray, a
poet, describes growing up poor in Oklahoma and, as a teenager,
being sexually abused by a wealthy guardian. Ray also details his
experiences with the Handy Colony, an Illinois group of writers
and artists that included novelist James Jones.
Political Science
and Law
Norman Abrams, AB’52, JD’55,
Anti-terrorism and Criminal Enforcement (Thomson-West).
Examining the legal-policy issues raised by the U.S. government’s
post–9/11 war on terrorism from a criminal-law perspective,
this casebook contains materials on military tribunals, enemy combatants,
and foreign-intelligence surveillance. An abridged version is also
available.
Michael Freeman, AB’95,
AM’97, PhD’01, Freedom or Security: The Consequences
for Democracies Using Emergency Powers to Fight Terror (Praeger,
Greenwood Publishing). Freeman explores the conditions n which emergency
powers—phone taps, video surveillance, and other restrictions
on individual liberty—are effective in fighting terrorism
and those in which they undermine civil liberties and democracy.
Case studies include the use of emergency powers in Northern Ireland,
Canada, Peru, and Uruguay.
Stacy Bergstrom Haldi, AB’86,
AM’88, PhD’00, Why Wars Widen: A Theory of
Predation and Balancing (Frank Cass Publishers). Haldi offers
a theoretical framework to explain why international conflicts spread,
or widen, arguing that decisive total wars are less likely to spread
than limited wars, where states seek limited gains with low cost.
The theory is developed through four examples: the Seven Years War,
the French Revolution and Napoleonic Wars, the Crimean War, and
World War I.
Frederick Vaughan, AM’64,
PhD’67, The Canadian Federalist Experiment: From
Defiant Monarchy to Reluctant Republic (McGill-Queen’s
University Press). Vaughan examines how Canada moved away from the
monarchical principles supported by the fathers of the confederation
to a republican government. He argues that Pierre Trudeau’s
1982 Charter introduced republican principles to the government.
Psychiatry
and Psychology
Mark S. Bauer, AB’78,
The Field Guide to Psychiatric Assessment and Treatment
(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins). The first section of this diagnostic
guide for non-specialist practitioners includes a decision tree
to help users work from complaint to diagnosis. In the second section,
cross-references link diagnostic criteria to information on individual
disorders.
Pavel Machotka, AB’56,
Painting and Our Inner World: The Psychology of Image Making
(Kluwer Academic Publishers). Machotka examines the links between
artistic style and personality. Surveying a broad sample of students,
he grouped the images they produced into seven styles and found
that those styles correspond to personality traits. Dense, collaged
images, for example, were made by people who relentlessly control
one issue in their life.
Social Sciences
Gabriela F. Arredondo, PhD’99,
Aída Hurtado, Norma Klahn, Olga Nájera-Ramírez,
and Patricia Zavella, editors, Chicana Feminisms: A Critical
Reader (Duke University Press). Essays on Chicana feminist
thought by scholars and artists combine scholarly analysis, personal
observation, interviews, letters, visual art, and poetry.
Martin Benjamin, AM’65,
PhD’70, Philosophy & This Actual World: An
Introduction to Practical Philosophical Inquiry (Rowman &
Littlefield Publishers). Benjamin aims to bridge the gap between
academic philosophy and the questions important to educated nonspecialists.
The book addresses general questions on knowledge, reality, and
mind as well as more specific questions on such topics as moral
pluralism and assisted suicide, incorporating the work of philosophers
including Wittgenstein, Rorty, Putnam, and Rawls.
Mary Blair-Loy, AB’83,
PhD’97, Competing Devotions: Career and Family
among Women Executives (Harvard University Press). Blair-Loy
examines the career paths of female financial executives who have
tried various approaches to balancing career and family. Women who
challenge traditional parenting ideas, she argues, may eventually
redefine the nuclear family and the capitalist firm, reducing work-family
conflict.
Phyllis Johnson, AM’78,
PhD’88, Teresa Kilbane, AM’76, and Laura Pasquale,
A Quality Assurance Guidebook: Preparing to Measure Outcomes
(Child Welfare League of America Publications). This guide defines
the roles of quality professionals and outlines steps for ensuring
that a company’s products are high quality.
Alfonso Morales, AM’89,
editor, Renascent Pragmatism: Studies in Law and Social Science
(Ashgate). This collection of essays by philosophers, legal
scholars, and social scientists seeks to reinvigorate pragmatism
as an important intellectual tradition, emphasizing links between
policy, theory, and method.
Debra Gilbert Rosenberg,
AM’80, The New Mom’s Companion: Care for
Yourself While You Care for Your Newborn (Sourcebooks). Informed
by both professional and personal experience, Rosenberg addresses
the emotional, physical, relationship, and work-related changes
that women face when they first become mothers, and she offers support
for the unfamiliar emotions and reactions.
Ana María Serrano,
AM’82, Inteligencias Múltiples y Estimulación
Temprana (Trillas Editor). Serrano discusses Howard Gardner’s
Multiple Intelligence Theory among babies and toddlers, arguing
that different learning styles can be observed in babies as young
as six months. A good “match” between learning style
and how a mother responds to that learning style is important for
development.
Guy Stuart, AM’90,
PhD’94, Discriminating Risk: The U.S. Mortgage
Lending Industry in the Twentieth Century (Cornell University
Press). Stuart examines the “risk criteria” used to
determine which mortgage applicants should receive funds. While
lenders have stopped blatant discriminatory practices, he argues,
racial and economic-class biases remain encoded in their decision
process, shaped by rules of thumb, cultural norms, and untested
theories.
Eduardo A. Velásquez,
AM’88, PhD’94, editor, Love and Friendship:
Rethinking Politics and Affection in Modern Times (Lexington
Books). This collection of essays examines influential accounts
of love and friendship in Western history, from Classical to postmodern,
and explores the relationship between psychology and political life.
Recordings
Jeff Zittrain, AM’87,
Kate Burkart, and Jace Bartulis, Famous Last Words. This
self-titled CD is the Bay Area trio’s first. One reviewer
describes the album as “[Bob] Dylan meets Lucinda Williams
meets Jefferson Airplane. From acoustic ballads to balls-out rock
epics, this trio takes you on a journey.” Famous Last Words
was chosen as an editor's pick by CDBaby and it is currently getting
airplay both nationally and in Europe. Available at www.cdbaby.com/famouswords.
Visit www.famouslastwordsband.com.
Exhibits
Mary Diederich Ott, SM’67, PhD’71,
Drawn from Nature. October 8 to November 9 at Touchstone Gallery,
406 7th Street NW, Washington, DC. Ott’s solo exhibit includes
mixed-media drawings, paintings, and monotypes of natural objects,
such as seed pods and vines.
Alan D. Entin, AB’60,
AM’62, PhD’67. October 3 to November 2 at ArtSpace
Gallery, 6 East Broad Street, Richmond, VA. For his solo photography
exhibit, Entin uses a plastic toy camera known for its light leaks,
flair, distortion, fuzziness, and double exposures to produce impressionistic
imagery.
Frank Vodvarka, MFA’70,
Points of View. October 1–25 at the Fine Arts Building Gallery,
410 South Michigan Avenue, Chicago, IL. Featuring drawings, photographs,
collages, and sculptures, Vodvarka’s one-man show takes an
unusual point of view on usual material and explores the ambivalent
connection between perception and reality.
“Alumni Works”
includes notices about alumni books, CDs, performances, and
exhibitions. For inclusion, please send the information about
your work (title; publisher, distribution, or venue; and synopsis)
to Alumni Works Editor, University of Chicago Magazine,
5801 S. Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, or via e-mail: uchicago-magazine@uchicago.edu.
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